Dry mouth, medically known as xerostomia, is a condition characterized by a lack of sufficient saliva production in the mouth. Saliva plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health by helping to moisten and cleanse the mouth, digest food, and prevent infections by controlling bacteria and fungi. When saliva production decreases, it can lead to discomfort and various oral health issues.
A number of factors contribute to this, such as adverse effects from medications, certain illnesses, dehydration, nerve damage, smoking, and ageing. Drugs including diuretics, antihistamines, decongestants, and antidepressants are frequently to blame for decreasing salivary flow. Dry mouth can also be a result of medical disorders such autoimmune illnesses, diabetes, Sjogren’s syndrome, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes.
Symptoms may include a sticky or dry feeling in the mouth, frequent thirst, difficulty chewing, swallowing, or speaking, cracked lips, a sore throat, and changes in taste or smell. Additionally, this condition can increase the risk of dental problems such as tooth decay, gum disease, and oral infections.
Managing dry mouth entails treating the underlying causes of the condition as well as putting methods in place to boost saliva production and reduce symptoms. Some ways to help relieve the symptoms of dry mouth include drinking lots of water, using saliva replacements or mouth moisturizers, chewing sugar-free gum or sucking on sugar-free sweets to encourage saliva flow, and avoiding alcohol and caffeine. Maintaining appropriate oral hygiene habits, such as consistent brushing, flossing, and dental examinations, is also crucial.
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