Menstruation

Menstruation, often referred to as a woman’s “period,” is a natural and recurring biological process that typically occurs in females during their reproductive years. It is a crucial aspect of the menstrual cycle, a monthly series of physiological changes in the female body regulated by hormones.

Menstruation usually begins around puberty, signaling the onset of a woman’s reproductive capacity. The menstrual cycle typically lasts about 28 days, although variations are common. The cycle involves the shedding of the uterine lining, known as menstruation, which is expelled from the body through the vagina.

The menstrual flow consists of blood, tissue, and other substances. This process is a result of hormonal fluctuations, particularly changes in estrogen and progesterone levels. Menstruation continues until menopause, which usually occurs in the late 40s or early 50s, marking the end of a woman’s reproductive years.

While menstruation is a normal and healthy part of a woman’s life, it can be accompanied by various symptoms, including abdominal cramps, bloating, mood swings, and breast tenderness. The collection of symptoms commonly associated with menstruation is often termed as premenstrual syndrome (PMS).

Hygiene practices, such as using sanitary pads, tampons, or menstrual cups, are commonly employed during menstruation to manage menstrual flow and maintain cleanliness. Cultural attitudes towards menstruation vary, and efforts to destigmatize and normalize discussions surrounding this natural process are ongoing globally. Education and awareness campaigns aim to empower individuals to manage their menstrual health effectively and promote a more inclusive and understanding perspective on menstruation.