Sinusitis

Sinusitis, a common condition, inflames the sinuses, the air-filled cavities located in the facial bones around the nose and eyes. This inflammation, caused by infections, allergies, or other factors, results in symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain or pressure, headache, post-nasal drip, and reduced sense of smell.

Acute sinusitis typically occurs due to a viral infection, such as the common cold, and often resolves on its own within a few weeks. However, bacterial infections can also cause acute sinusitis, necessitating antibiotic treatment.

Chronic inflammation of the sinuses lasting for more than 12 weeks is often accompanied by persistent symptoms such as nasal congestion, facial pain or pressure, and nasal discharge. Underlying factors such as allergies, nasal polyps, or anatomical abnormalities in the nasal passages may contribute to chronic sinusitis.

Diagnosis relies on a combination of symptoms, physical examination, and sometimes imaging studies such as a CT scan of the sinuses. Treatment aims to relieve symptoms and address the underlying cause, including nasal decongestants, saline nasal irrigation, nasal corticosteroid sprays, or oral antibiotics in cases of bacterial infection. Allergy management and avoidance of triggers can also help prevent recurrent sinusitis in individuals with allergic rhinitis.

In some cases, chronic or recurrent may necessitate more advanced treatments such as endoscopic sinus surgery to remove nasal polyps or correct structural abnormalities in the nasal passages. Overall, sinusitis, a common condition, can often be effectively managed with appropriate medical treatment and self-care measures.